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The participants were unanimously enthusiastic about the value of the workshops. It decomposes when heated. 0000001364 00000 n
For quantification of resistance, 10 littleseed canarygrass biotypes were collected from fields with a varied history of cropping and herbicide use. This item is part of a JSTOR Collection. The use of these herbicides increased the grain yield by 200% or more when compared with the weedy check. Your source for quantitative metabolomics technologies and bioinformatics. 3-(4-Isopropylphenyl)-1,1-dimethylharnstoff. It publishes over 2,500 books a year for distribution in more than 200 countries. xref
Abbreviations: CRD, completely randomized design; DAS, days after sowing; GR50, 50% growth reduction; R, resistant; RI, resistance index; S, susceptible. Predicted GC-MS Spectrum - ISOPROTURON GC-MS (Non-derivatized) - 70eV, Positive, splash10-006x-6900000000-2ced79b54e8586db1464, Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - ISOPROTURON 10V, Positive-QTOF, splash10-0a4i-0190000000-4467bae750c4ce44201a, Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - ISOPROTURON 20V, Positive-QTOF, splash10-0cdj-7940000000-bae249c2c3fa96622b20, Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - ISOPROTURON 40V, Positive-QTOF, splash10-014i-6900000000-8390a3232fac60db4627, Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - ISOPROTURON 10V, Negative-QTOF, splash10-0a4i-0090000000-4b3255837c9303bce71b, Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - ISOPROTURON 20V, Negative-QTOF, splash10-0bt9-2970000000-32493f74483b3303f0b8, Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - ISOPROTURON 40V, Negative-QTOF, splash10-0006-9100000000-587c63b7f30df858afc3, Barupal DK, Fiehn O: Generating the Blood Exposome Database Using a Comprehensive Text Mining and Database Fusion Approach. startxref
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To date, approximately 3,000 farmers, extension agents, scientists, and industry representatives have attended more than 30 workshops. 0000004902 00000 n
Nomenclature: CGA 184927 (proposed common name, clodinafop), 2-propynyl-(R)-2-[4-(5-chloro-3-fluoro-2-pyridyloxy)phenoxy]propionate; fenoxaprop-p-ethyl; ICIA 0604 (proposed common name, tralkoxydim), 2-[1-(ethoxyimino)propyl]-3-hydroxy-5-(2,4,6-trimethyl phenyl)cyclohex-2-enone; MON 37503 (proposed common name, sulfosulfuron), 1-(2-ethylsulfonylimidazol[1,2-a]pyridin-3-ylsulfonyl)-3-(4,6-dimethoxypyrimidin-2-yl)urea; littleseed canarygrass, Phalaris minor Retz #3 PHAMI; rice, Oryza sativa L.; wheat, Triticum aestivum L. Additional index words: Biotype, competition, cross-resistance, germination, herbicide resistance. This functionality is provided solely for your convenience and is in no way intended to replace human translation. 3 0 obj
[8] With effect from the beginning of 2003, isoproturon was approved for use as a herbicide in the European Union . When heated in strong bases, hydrolytic cleavage occurs . <]>>
InChI=1S/C12H18N2O/c1-9(2)10-5-7-11(8-6-10)13-12(15)14(3)4/h5-9H,1-4H3,(H,13,15), CC(C)C1=CC=C(N(C(=O)N(C)C)[Si](C)(C)C)C=C1, CC(C)C1=CC=C(N(C(=O)N(C)C)[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C)C=C1, The Metabolomics Innovation Centre (TMIC). Due to its low affinity for organic matter it is not expected to have a high tendency towards bioaccumulation or biomagnification. Isoproturon is a chemical compound from the group of urea derivatives . With a personal account, you can read up to 100 articles each month for free. Littleseed canarygrass, a troublesome wheat weed, has developed resistance against isoproturon in India. This compound has been identified in human blood as reported by (PMID: N'-(4-(1-methylethyl)phenyl)-N,N-dimethylurea, 3,3-dimethyl-1-[4-(propan-2-yl)phenyl]urea. HUMs0+toNz4cfz:Ckwu|@F>wUtEwYA?|0 #%m# The R biotypes were from areas where isoproturon had been used continuously for more than 10 yr in wheat under a continuous ricewheat cropping system. Laboratory, pot, and field experiments were conducted to quantify the level of isoproturon resistance in various littleseed canarygrass biotypes and to evaluate the response of isoproturon-resistant littleseed canarygrass to alternate herbicides. 2019 Sep;127(9):97008. doi: 10.1289/EHP4713. trailer
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Among the herbicides tested, MON 37503 at 25 g ai/ha was the best because of complex weed flora control and produced wheat yield similar to that of the weed-free control. For more information, visit http://journals.cambridge.org. To access this item, please sign in to your personal account. Its half-life in water is 30 days, in soils 40 days[3]. The workshops focused on teaching the participants how to use and fabricate multiple-nozzle booms, the importance of flat-fan nozzles, calibration, drift avoidance, and applicator safety. Specializing in ready to use metabolomics kits. Foliar pesticide spray applications consisted primarily of insecticides and fungicides that were applied to high-value crops. Access supplemental materials and multimedia. N-phenylureas are compounds containing a N-phenylurea moiety, which is structurally characterized by a phenyl group linked to one nitrogen atom of a urea group. 0000004461 00000 n {nmn.jv}\ASQF Aj&9xp/ N-phenylureas are compounds containing a N-phenylurea moiety, which is structurally characterized by a phenyl group linked to one nitrogen atom of a urea group. 0000004596 00000 n [1] It is preferred as a herbicide for winter wheat, winter barley, rye, spring barley and spring wheat against weed grasses ( field foxtail grass , common windstalk , various bluegrass, as well as chamomile and chickweed ) (each as pre- and post-emergence herbicide). <> Weed Technology [12] It was regularly detected in German and Dutch rivers in the years 2000 to 2002. [14]The approval of plant protection products with this active ingredient was revoked in Germany on September 30, 2016. Based on this study, the absence of resistance when herbicides and crops were rotated indicates that growers should follow herbicide and crop rotation in order to avoid development of herbicide resistance in the near future. Epub 2019 Sep 26. Isoproturon mainly enters the environment during its application as an agricultural herbicide, but releases may also occur during manufacture, transportation and storage[2]. The resistant (R) biotypes had 50% growth reduction values, 5 to 10 times greater than that of the most susceptible biotype. Select the purchase For terms and use, please refer to our Terms and Conditions 2 Your use of this feature and the translations is subject to all use restrictions contained in the Terms and Conditions of Use of the BioOne website. Contact, Password Requirements: Minimum 8 characters, must include as least one uppercase, one lowercase letter, and one number or permitted symbol, Access Institutional Sign In via Shibboleth or OpenAthens, https://doi.org/10.1614/0890-037X(2002)016[0116:IRLCPM]2.0.CO;2. Quantitative metabolomics services for biomarker discovery and validation. After the revocation, a sell-off period for stocks was valid until March 30, 2017 and a use-by period until September 30, 2017. R. S. CHHOKAR, R. K. MALIK "Isoproturon-Resistant Littleseed Canarygrass (, Registered users receive a variety of benefits including the ability to customize email alerts, create favorite journals list, and save searches. 0000004740 00000 n Under field conditions, postemergence isoproturon at 1,000 g/ha 32 d after sowing failed to control littleseed canarygrass and as a result wheat grain yield decreased by 65% compared with the weed-free control. Applicators walked through the fields, swinging the wands in sweeping motions resulting in uneven pesticide distribution and overapplication. In 1998, Indian regulatory agencies approved the registration of CGA 184927, MON 37500, and fenoxaprop for postemergence control of isoproturon-resistant littleseed canarygrass. An institutional or society member subscription is required to view non-Open Access content. 2 0 obj 4 0 obj 44 0 obj<>stream [7], Isoproturon is used as an active ingredient in crop protection products. Weed Technology publishes original research and scholarship focused on understanding "how" weeds are managed. 0000000656 00000 n Although simplistic, and adoption of this technology will significantly decrease the amounts of herbicides applied and will increase efficacy and efficiency. option. [7], Isoproturon was in the GDR between 1980 and 1994 and has been approved in the FRG since 1975. 0000000016 00000 n <> You will have access to both the presentation and article (if available). 0000002640 00000 n You have requested a machine translation of selected content from our databases. 0 The integration of this system (crop and herbicide rotation) with cultural and mechanical means of weed control could be further targeted as a long-term strategy for resistance management. Isoproturon can be obtained from cumene by nitration in the para position, reduction to 4-isopropylaniline , reaction with phosgene to form 4-isopropylphenyl isocyanate and its subsequent reaction with dimethylamine . i\R.w4*O?d^@'3~W=C%&&qAjxv04618~e:6&4ecm|u}y{l6KEg=gFX$V^T73W.k_h8Rx'q{ 2BGXK$C0DS=fi]'{!>1 0ynJd5`Kn{/8k,GRAZ-C [11] [12] It was regularly detected in German and Dutch rivers in the years 2000 to 2002. 0000002588 00000 n This will count as one of your downloads. Belongs to the class of organic compounds known as n-phenylureas. 0000001784 00000 n To access this article, please, Access everything in the JPASS collection, Download up to 10 article PDFs to save and keep, Download up to 120 article PDFs to save and keep. 0000000974 00000 n $O M}54%@I!x_C2A`?. 42 18 [10], After the European Commission decided not to extend the approval for isoproturon as a plant protection product, which ended on June 30, 2016, the approval in Germany was revoked on September 30, 2016. stream xb```"m @A!&O|fkG-@XBW:5:6,66\j*%q)WtD)KfMa `Rf`6 ;!@1i~ "`&LMD00.\y0Gig\ [16], Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, This page was last edited on 26 November 2020, at 15:23. This page was last edited on 9 August 2020, at 14:19. These pesticides were often sprayed to runoff with backpack sprayers that were equipped with single hollow-cone or flood nozzles. In response to this, an application training workshop was organized and conducted in India and Nepal in 2000. After these applications, control of littleseed canarygrass was strikingly inconsistent, and the growers blamed the lack of control on the manufacturers. Please note that a BioOne web account does not automatically grant access to full-text content.
endobj Cambridge Journals publishes over 250 peer-reviewed academic journals across a wide range of subject areas, in print and online.
Request Permissions, R. R. Bellinder, A. J. Miller, R. K. Malik, J. D. Ranjit, P. R. Hobbs, L. S. Brar, G. Singh, S. Singh and A. Yadev, Read Online (Free) relies on page scans, which are not currently available to screen readers. endobj Translations are not retained in our system. Many of these journals are the leading academic publications in their fields and together they form one of the most valuable and comprehensive bodies of research available today. isoproturon belongs to the class of organic compounds known as n-phenylureas. The annual consumption in Germany is over 1000 tons. Isoproturon has a low tendency to adsorb to soils and is therefore quite able to enter in water bodies despite its rather low water solubility (70,2 mg/l). 0000003572 00000 n As such, it is focused on more applied aspects concerning the management of weeds. Preparations containing isoproturon were approved in all EU member states except Denmark and Finland. <>/XObject<>/ProcSet[/PDF/Text/ImageB/ImageC/ImageI] >>/MediaBox[ 0 0 595.32 841.92] /Contents 4 0 R/Group<>/Tabs/S/StructParents 0>> (Rn! 0000004408 00000 n Significant bioaccumulation might however occur in certain species[4]. Isoproturon is used little or not at all for spring barley and oats, potatoes, rapeseed, sugar beet or corn. It was later clear that basic understanding of the application techniques was lacking. [15] After the revocation, there is a sell-off period for stocks until March 30, 2017 and a use-by period until September 30, 2017. [13] In Germany, Austria and Switzerland pesticides (e.g. Cambridge University Press is committed by its charter to disseminate knowledge as widely as possible across the globe. [. The newly registered postemergence herbicides were applied with the same equipment and in the same fashion. under the trade names Arelon and Azur). 30L@Za8fbk > endobj 45 0 obj<> endobj 46 0 obj<>/ProcSet[/PDF/Text]/ExtGState<>>> endobj 47 0 obj<> endobj 48 0 obj<> endobj 49 0 obj<> endobj 50 0 obj<> endobj 51 0 obj<> endobj 52 0 obj<>stream 0000002865 00000 n 0000002360 00000 n
0000001129 00000 n %%EOF The herbicides observed to be effective in wheat against isoproturon-resistant littleseed canarygrass were CGA 184927 (50 to 60 g ai/ha), fenoxaprop-p-ethyl (100 to 120 g/ha), ICIA 0604 (350 g ai/ha), and MON 37503 (25 g ai/ha). The isoproturon resistance was not detected where crops and herbicides were rotated. Pot studies indicated that 6 out of the 10 biotypes tested were resistant to isoproturon. In fresh water, concentrations of 0,125 g/l have been recorded[3]. Herbicides used in rice and wheat before 1998 were generally mixed with sand or urea and were applied by hand. fyOO1*u10l+JXY(1$@LiRgU!ST_ODCyCqe1q 0 0000004189 00000 n Long term exposure to concentrations above 1 mg/l might affect the growth of fishes, acute toxicity occurs at concentrations above 18 mg/l[5]. 2002 Cambridge University Press [6], Isoproturon is a colorless, odorless, flammable solid that is sparingly soluble in water. % Included in the water framework list of priority substances, Isoproturon is a selective, systemic herbicide used in the control of annual grasses and broad-leaved weeds in cereals, This is the common definition for isoproturon, other definitions can be discussed in the article, www.environment-agency.gov.uk August 18 2009, WHO 2003 Background document for development of WHO Guidelines for Drinking-water Quality, MERLIN Gerard, VUILLOD Maryline, LISSOLO Thierry, CLEMENT Bernard 2002 Fate and bioaccumulation of isoproturon in outdoor aquatic microcosms; Environmental toxicology and chemistry, Review report for the active substance isoproturon, adopted December 7 2001, http://www.coastalwiki.org/wiki/Isoproturon, http://www.coastalwiki.org/w/index.php?title=Isoproturon&oldid=77599, For an overview of contributions by this author see. guq-+b&xj`(%i_sg54^L>$IZYqJ$u5b;y}67E}DK^*x?-o=+5+T Read your article online and download the PDF from your email or your account. 1 0 obj Cambridge University Press (www.cambridge.org) is the publishing division of the University of Cambridge, one of the worlds leading research institutions and winner of 81 Nobel Prizes. Isoproturon is shown to be very toxic for algae and oysters which experience acute toxicity at concentrations above 13 g/l and 370 g/l respectively. You currently do not have any folders to save your paper to! We can help you reset your password using the email address linked to your BioOne Complete account. [1] It is very stable to light, acids and bases. Create a new folder below. endobj Based on a literature review a significant number of articles have been published on isoproturon. Environ Health Perspect.